Abantu bendabuko be-Afrika ama-Khoisan
Ama-Khoisan babantu bomdabu be-San ne-Khoekhoe beSewula Afrika. Ngaphambilini bebaziwa ngokuthi banemibala nje basebenzisa ilungelo labo lokuzazisa begodu baziveza njengama-San nama-Khoekhoe nofana ama-Khoe-San.
Ukwamukelwa kwama-Khoisan
[edit | hlela umthombo]ISewula Afrika ivowudele ukwamukelwa kwesimemezelo se-UN malungana namalungelo wabantu bendabuko kodwana ayikavumi i-ILO Convention No. 169. Abantu bendabuko be-San ne-Khoekhoe abavunywa ngokusemthethweni ngokuya ngomthetho welizwe njengomphakathi wesintu. Lokhu kuyatjhuguluka ngomthetho woburholi wendabuko nomthethomlingwa we-Khoisan okuhloswe bona wethulwe e-Palamende. Inani elipheleleko labantu beSewula Afrika lingaba ziingidi ezima-50, lapho kulinganiselwa bona isiqhema sabantu bomdabu sijame phezu ku-1%.
Iinqhema zama-Khoisan neendawo zawo
[edit | hlela umthombo]Iinqhema ezikulu zama-Khoisan zifaka hlangana ama-San Khomani ahlala khulu esifundeni se-Khalahari kunye nama-Khwe nama-Xun, ahlala khulu e-Platfontein e-Kimberley. IKhoekhoe ibunjwa ma-Nama ahlala khulu esifundeni se-North Cape. I-Koran khulukhulu eendaweni ze-Kimberley ne-Free State. I-Griqua eendaweni ze-Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Free State kanye naKwaZulu-Natal. Ama-Cape Khoekhoe e-Western Cape ne-Eastern Cape ngokukhula kwamaphakethe eemfundazweni ze-Gauteng ne-Free State. ESewula Afrika yanje imiphakathi yama-Khoisan itjengisa iindlela zokuphila ezahlukahlukeneko zezomnotho namasiko. Amatjhuguluko wezehlalakuhle nezepolotiki alethwe lihlelo lezepolotiki leSewula Afrika yanje edale isikhala sokuhlukaniswa kwemikhakha yezehlalakuhle yebandlululo efana nombala.
Ilwazi lomdabu namaphrojekthi wama-Khoisan
[edit | hlela umthombo]Umthetho wokuvikelwa, ukuthuthukiswa nokuphathwa kwamahlelo welwazi lendabuko ka-2014 wasungula ukuvikelwa, ukuthuthukisa nokuphathwa kweenkhungo zelwazi lendabuko yemiphakathi. Umthethomlingwa lo unikela ngokusungulwa nokusebenza kwe-ofisi lenarha leenhlelo zelwazi lendabuko nokuphathwa kwamalungelo wabanikazi belwazi lendabuko. Iphrojekthi womthetho welwazi lomdabu isungula indlela yokuthola ilwazi lomdabu lemiphakathi yendawo. Ukungezelela umthethomlingwa lo uhlathulula ikambiso yokutlolisa, ukugunyaza nokuqinisekisa abasebenzi belwazi lomdabu. Inguqulo yesibili womthethomlingwa lo yenziwe ngokuya komjikelezo wokuthoma wokungena begodu inguqulo etja yesibili yavulwa bona ibonisane nomphakathi ngo-Nobayeni wee-2016.
Ikomidi yePalamende yeSewula Afrika yokubusa ngokubambisana neendaba zendabuko yethule umthethomlingwa woburholi bendabuko nama-Khoisan phambi kwePalamende ngo-2016. Iphrojekthi le ifuna ukutjheja bona imiphakathi yama-Khoisan yomlando sele yamukelwa ngeminye imiphakathi yamasiko yeSewula Afrika. Ngokokuthoma eminyakeni ema-300 edlulileko, umthethomlingwa lo unganikela ukuvunywa okusemthethweni begodu uvule amathuba wokufikelela ubulungiswa emiphakathini yomlando wama-Khoisan. Umthethomlingwa lo uzokuvumela ama-Khoisan bona afakwe eenkambisweni zokuphatha zikaRhulumende ngaphakathi kweenkonzo ezihlukahlukeneko begodu uvumele iinkonzo lezi bona zenze amalungiselelo athileko wezinto eziqakathekileko zehlalakuhle, zomnotho nezamasiko wemiphakathi yama-Khoisan.
Imizamo yokubulunga amasiko wama-Khoisan
[edit | hlela umthombo]Iinhlelo ezinengi ezihloswe ukubulunga amalimi wama-Khoisan, amasiko kunye namahlelo welwazi zithole ukuthandwa umnyaka woke. I-South African National Editor's Forum (SANEF), i-Pan South African Language Board (PanSALB) kunye ne-UN bathoma isemina ngendima yabezindaba ekuthuthukisweni nekulondolozweni amalimi wendabuko. Umnyanya lo obanjwe mhlazana amalanga ali-07 kuRhoboyi wee-2024, ukhulume ngomthelela wobuhlakani bokufakelwa eendabeni kunye namaqhinga lapho umkhakha weendaba zamalimi wendabuko ungadosa ngakho ukukhangisa kwedijithali. Isemina le idose ababiki beendaba, iimfundiswa, abahlaziyi kanye nabasebenzi emkhakheni weendaba zamabhizinisi ngokudzimelela ebantwini beendaba zomphakathi.
Amaphrojekthi wokusebenzisana neenkhungo zefundo kanye neenhlangano zamasiko ahlonywa ukutlola nokukhuthaza amagugu wendabuko. I-PanSALB ibawe bona kube nendlela epheleleko yokukhuthaza ukuhlonipha amalimi wendabuko nokukhomba iindawo ezitlhogwa ukuvuselelwa. Lokhu kwagandelelwa ngesikhathi se-Khoisan National Language Indaba,umhlangano owahlanganisa ababambindima begodu okhambisana ne-International Decade of Indigenous Languages 2022-2032. I-PanSALB ikhuthaze woke amazinga kaRhulumende bona athathe amagadango wokuphendula iincomo ezenziwe ngesikhathi se Indaba.
Amanothi neenkhombo
[edit | hlela umthombo]1. The Indigenous Peoples of Africa Co-ordinating Committee. (19 February 2020). Southern Africa - The Indigenous Peoples of Africa Co-ordinating Committee.https://www.ipacc.org.za/southern-africa/#:~:text=The%20indigenous%20peoples%20of%20South,Khoekhoe%2C%20including%20Nama%20and%20Griqua 2. Cassette, J., & Roos, E. (n.d.). Traditional Khoi-San Leadership Act: The importance of meaningful public participation during the law-making process. Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr.https://www.cliffedekkerhofmeyr.com/news/publications/2023/Practice/ProBono/pro-bono-and-human-rights-alert-9-june-traditional-khoi-san-leadership-act 3. Jansen, Lesle and Horton, Theo. “South Africa”. In The Indigenous World 2024, ed. D. Mamo, IWGIA. April 2024. pp. 116-122.https://iwgia.org/en/south-africa/5358-iw-2024-southafrica.html 4. Zondo, W. B. (19 December 2024). In peril: How the traditional and Khoi-San Leadership Bill 2024 continues to threaten informal land rights and rural democracy — African law matters. African Law Matters.https://www.africanlawmatters.com/blog/in-peril-how-the-traditional-and-khoi-san-leadership-bill-2024-continues-to-threaten-informal-land-rights-and-rural-democracy 5.The Khoisan | South African History Online. (n.d.).https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/khoisan