Ukukhubazeka
Ukukhubazeka
[edit | hlela umthombo]Kukulokha umuntu aphila angaguli kodwana kube khona isitho sakhe somzimba esingekho, esingasebenziko nofana esingakakheki kuhle njengasabanye ngokwemvelo. Ukukhubazeka akutjho bona umuntu uyahluleka nofana kufanale aphathwe ngokuhluka kunabanye abantu. Ukukhubazeka kungaba yinto umuntu azalwa nayo nofana kuyinto engehlela umuntu lokha aphile bese ehlelwe kugula nofana ingozi ezomtjhiya akhubazikile[1]. Abantu abakhubazekileko eSewula Afrika banesibonelelo semali abasitholako esivela kurhulamnde. Isibonelelo lesi sibalekela bona bakghone ukufeza iindingo zabo begodu bakgone ukuba nemali yokudla ngombana abanye babo abakghoni ukusebenza.
Izinto ezingabangela ukukhubazaka
[edit | hlela umthombo]Iindakamizwa
[edit | hlela umthombo]Umuntu wengubo lokha nakasidisi bese asebenzise iindakamizwa kungabangela bona Umntwana akhubazele ngombana iindakamizwa zizothikameza bona Umntwana akhule ngesibelthweni bese Umntwana agcine sele akhubazekile. Umntwana angakhubazeka emzimbeni nofana emkhumbulweni[2].
Ukulimala
[edit | hlela umthombo]Umuntu nakasidisi nakungenzeka bona awe kabuhlungu nofanaavelelwe yingozi lokhu kungenza bona Umntwana asidisi yena avele akhubazekile. Okhunye kungenzeak bona kwenzakale iimphoso lokha umma nakabelathako lokhu kungenza bona avele akhubazekile[3].
Isotja lomndeni
[edit | hlela umthombo]Okhunye ukukhubazeka komntwana kungabangelwa lisotja lomndeni bese isotja leli lidlulele emntwaneni. Isibonelo nangabe Umntwana ubelethwa emndenini wabantu abangakaphili kuhle engcondweni kunamathuba wokobana nomntwana wakhona angpvela angakaphili engcondweni ngombana kuzabe kudlulele isotja lomndeni lokukhubazeka emntwaneni[4].
Imihlobo yokukhubazeka
[edit | hlela umthombo]Ukukhubazeka komzimba
[edit | hlela umthombo]Lokhu kukhubazeka ngilokhu ekwenza bona umuntu angakhoni ukukhamba. Lokhu kubangelwa kukobana aquntwe inyawo, isifo samathambo nokhunye. Omunye angahlala angabi nesandla ngesibanga sengozi angina kiyo nofana isandla singasebenzi ngesibanga sokuthi alimele imisipha bese imisipha le yenza bona isandla singakghoni ukusebenza. Abanye babelethwa banganazo[5] inyawo nofana izandla. Laba abanganazo inyawo basebenzisa isitulo samavilo ukukhamba.
Ukukhubazeka zithozombiza(Sensory)
[edit | hlela umthombo]Abanye abantu babanokukhubazeka bokungaboni emehlweni, nofana babone ngokufifiyela. Ukukhubazela lokhu kungabangelwa kugula okufana nama-Cataracts, glaucoma nokhunye.Ananye abantu bazalwa bangezwa nofaa banobudisi bokuzwa nesibanga sokubana kulimele I cochlear ngaphakathi kwendlebe zabo. Icochelear kuyinto engaphakthi kwendlebe egobeke ngathi litjhongololo lokha nalileleko[6].
Ukukhubazeka ngokokhumbulo nofana engcondweni
[edit | hlela umthombo]Ukukhubazeka lokhu kwenza bona umumntu ingcondo yakhe ingasebenzi kuhle[7]. Okhunye ukukhubazeka kungavela ngokuthi Umntwana abe ne autism ekuyinto eyenza bona Umntwana abenobudisi bokukhuluma nokuzibandakanya abantu athande ukuba yedwa. Umuntu oone autism akafuni abantu basenzise izinto zakhe begodu akazwani namatjhuguluko enzeka yena akangakatjelwa.
Isiphetho
[edit | hlela umthombo]Ukuphila nokukhubazeka akutjho ukwahluleka ngombana abantu abakhubazekilo bayokghona ukuphila njengabanye abantu benze izinto ezikulu ezitjengisako bona baphelele begodu bahlakaniphile.
- ↑ Retief, M. and Letšosa, R., 2018. Models of disability: A brief overview. HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 74(1).
- ↑ Viteri, O.A., Soto, E.E., Bahado-Singh, R.O., Christensen, C.W., Chauhan, S.P. and Sibai, B.M., 2015. Fetal anomalies and long-term effects associated with substance abuse in pregnancy: a literature review. American journal of perinatology, 32(05), pp.405-416.
- ↑ Wilkinson, D., Shepherd, E. and Wallace, E.M., 2016. Melatonin for women in pregnancy for neuroprotection of the fetus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3).
- ↑ Vasudevan, P. and Suri, M., 2017. A clinical approach to developmental delay and intellectual disability. Clinical Medicine, 17(6), pp.558-561.
- ↑ Retief, M. and Letšosa, R., 2018. Models of disability: A brief overview. HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 74(1).
- ↑ Sorgini, F., Caliò, R., Carrozza, M.C. and Oddo, C.M., 2018. Haptic-assistive technologies for audition and vision sensory disabilities. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, 13(4), pp.394-421.
- ↑ Nevison, C.D. and Blaxill, M., 2017. Diagnostic substitution for intellectual disability: A flawed explanation for the rise in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47, pp.2733-2742.